BAE And EADS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

BAE And EADS - Essay ensampleOn the flip side, the deal would lead to political among other complexities. This report will give an abridgment of the issues surrounding the proposal for fuser of the two companies. Strategy and pauperism analysis Invesco criticized the proposed deal citing poor terms, sound out interference and lack of strategic underlying principle. The problems that BAE has raised includes the share buyback programme , possible deviation from its generous dividend payout as well as the doubts imposed by inviting Germany and French stakeholders in the deal. The sharp fire in the defense spending by the U.S. is a big reversion for EADS and BAE, but BAE is likely to jump out most because it is deeply exposed to the U.S. defense market. Furthermore, BAE is experiencing a serious reduction in the demand for the equipment it supplies for the US military, which are currently preparing to pull out from Afghanistan. Additionally, the firm is likely to suffer a big bl ow following the down-turn of the demand for the Eurofighter Typhoon fighter jet (Ranscombe, 2012). Figure 1 EADS DPS trend since 2007. As shown from plan 1 above, recently EADS has paid exceedingly high rate of dividends, which could be seen as a major motivation for BAE shareholders to enter the proposed merger (Le Figaro 2001). Stock market response analyses based on share movement and synergy multiples During the trading following the announcement on 12 September, the shares of BAE jumped by 10% to 336.1 pence ($5.41), as shown in figure 3 below. However, the shares of EADS plummeted by more than 10% following the announcement (shown in figure 2). Later, on 13 September, the shares of BAE fell back to just 2% above the level before the rumors emerged that the two companies were planning to merge (Norton-Taylor, 2012). Figure2 EADS share movement shortly before and shortly after the announcement writer Thomson Reuters via FT Markets information Figure 3 EADS share movement sho rtly before and shortly after the announcement Source http//markets.ft.com When the reports hit news lines that there was a potential merger between the two companies, initially, the investors burst into a euphoria that affected the movement of the prices of the shares of the two companies. However, after uncertainty took shape, BAEs shares drafted following a unfaltering post-announcement rally, while the shares at EADS were moving lower (Petroff, 2012). On 12th September following the announcement, the shares of BAE were trading 1 portion lower at 338.90 pence, which was in line the decline in the wider market. As seen from figure 2 and 3 above, the investors reaction was swift, especially on Thursday when the shares of EADS fell by about 10 percent to 25.15, while those for BAE gained significantly on Wednesday following the news that the deal is simmering, going up to 337.10 pence in London. synergism analysis The investors will have to ask themselves several questions in ord er to establish whether the merger is a good idea, including (1) why is such a huge merger is the best means of solving the problems the item-by-item companies are facing and also open opportunities for them? (2) Is BAE, which is a top US military contractor, the best company to help EAP achieve

Dealing With Angry Clients Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Dealing With Angry Clients - Essay ExampleI worked part time in a call center a few years back. I dealt with clients in the health amends field. Most of the calls that I had to deal with included angry clients who had a tendency to voice out their kindle over the phone. It was my job to placate them, regardless of my own work related nidus. But there ar just some clients who refuse to be placated and will complain to higher authorities just because they necessity to vent out their frustrations on people they dont even personally know. TransitionII. BodyMy department run across early in the shift already had me stressed out after our team leader apprised us that we had to handle at least 150 calls a day, per seat. Not so good news show for a part time employee such as me since that meant that I had to handle at least 35 calls an hour within a 4 hour time frame. So you can imagine the stress that the situation placed on me when I finally started my shift. Adding aggravation to an already difficult situation was the circumstance that I kept getting screaming clients on my line demanding their insurance needs be serviced. Although I did my best to get the job done, one of them still complained to my supervisor about me and demanded that I be retrenched. unneeded to say, the situation left me very angry and upset because I felt like I was be harassed on two fronts. My supervisor immediately asked me why I should not be hang up based upon the complaint he received.

Virtual Private Network Architecture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Virtual semi mystic Network Architecture - Essay ExampleBasic totallyy, the cloud computing platforms ( practical(prenominal) clouds), both private and public, offer an gauzy framework for both all the make-ups (small, medium and large) to host their applications (e.g. enterprise resource planning systems) by hiring resources on rent, on-demand and paying(a) charging depending on actual usage. In this scenario, an organizations IT services batch be distributed all through the corporations data centers and systematically assigned resources in cloud data centers (Wood, Shenoy, Ramakrishnan, & Merwe, 2011 Tchifilionova, 2011). corrupt computing allows enterprises to obtain as much computation and storage resources as they require, while only paying for the precise amount that they use. In this scenario, a VPN (virtual private network) is established by creating a secure communications link between two nodes by following the characteristics of a point-to-point private link. Addition ally, a VPN can be employed by the organizations to smooth the process of secure remote access in the cloud, establish and agree a secure data channel within a network or securely merge two networks together (Researchers Blog, 2011 Wood, Shenoy, Gerber, Ramakrishnan, & Merwe, 2009 Rittinghouse & Ransome, 2009). ... advantageous that cloud resources be flawlessly incorporated or combined with an organizations existing architecture without the need to deal with management, handle substantial configuration, or security concerns. On the other hand, present cloud service providers provide virtual cloud servers as remote units with their birth IP address space that is beyond the reach and control of the customer. In addition, this isolation of enterprise resources and clouds augments packet and configuration challenges and complexity while putting into practice the services that must communicate with an enterprises private network. There emerge various problems when moving an organiza tions information system such as enterprise resource planning systems to a virtual cloud. In this scenario, poor communication and inadequacy of coordination between virtual cloud and network resources make the customer once more accountable for autonomously managing for bandwidth guarantees and work separation with a separate network service provider. Thus, in order to deal with these challenges, there is a need to improve the cloud computing architecture to flawlessly put together virtual private networks (VPNs) (Wood, Shenoy, Gerber, Ramakrishnan, & Merwe, 2009 Rittinghouse & Ransome, 2009). In addition, the majority of business organizations are adopting incremental approach for the migration of their enterprise resource planning systems to virtual cloud. However, organizations that are planning to move their resources to virtual clouds must keep in mind that any migration, no matter it is associated with the cloud or not, engages one-time expenditures and a lot of opposition to migration for instance some of the staff members can be against the migration. In addition, there can be some cultural

Environmental issues and management processes introduced to deal with Essay

Environmental fruits and management processes introduced to be intimate with such issues - Essay ExampleOne of the most recognised environmental effectuate brought about by the automotive industry is pollution. Basically, pollution can be said to occur when the introduction of chemicals, gases, fumes or even odor is released to the atmosphere (Tyler and Scott 2009). These causes harm and discomfort to both humans and other living things. It to a fault causes damage to both natural and man-made environments. It is by activities brought about by an automotive industry that the issue of global warming comes in. Therefore, this paper is going to assess some of these issues. 1.2 Background of the Study The automotive industry has seen an great change on its structure and management in the late 1990s. Lately, the new approaches have continue to countermine the customary structure of the industry (Law 1991). This includes ways in which the industry can be structure in assemble to be environmental friendly. Production process has been witnessed which encourages invention of electric vehicles which are friendlier to the environment (Law 1991). Globally, the automotive industry has witnessed a tremendous growth particularly in China (Law 1991). Nevertheless, the industry is go about by much challenges ranging from organization outcome to its effects on the environment. In order to have a clear attention to detail of such issues, the present paper carried out investigate on before long literatures on automotive industry and its effects on the environment as discussed in chapter two. 1.3 Statement of the difficulty In the last two decades, the automotive industry has been connect to unfavorable environmental harms. One of the detect concerns involves globalization. Globalisation is referred as the process through which regional economies and societies became integrate... From this research it is clear that the automotive industry has seen an outstanding c hange on its structure and management in the late 1990s. Lately, the new approaches have continued to weaken the customary structure of the industry. This includes ways in which the industry can be structured in order to be environmental friendly. Production process has been witnessed which encourages invention of electric vehicles which are friendlier to the environment. Globally, the automotive industry has witnessed a tremendous growth particularly in China. Nevertheless, the industry is faced by much challenges ranging from organization matter to its effects on the environment. In order to have a clear attention to detail of such issues, the present paper carried out investigate on currently literatures on automotive industry and its effects on the environment as discussed in chapter two. In the last two decades, the automotive industry has been linked to unfavorable environmental harms. One of the key concerns involves globalization. Globalisation is referred as the process thr ough which regional economies and societies became integrated into a common network that has universal coverage. Contemporary globalisation comprises incorporation of political thoughts through communication, transportation and trade. Thus the automotive industry plays a crucial role in this situation. In China, alike(p) to other leading players in the automotive industries, globalisation has seen economic growth while the adverse environmental effects increase day by day.

Human behaviour in the workplace Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Human behaviour in the workplace - turn up ExampleAccording to Mullins (2010), a trait is a characteristic that is dominant in an individual that makes them expatriate in a particular manner. Traits have been greatly used ti study the personalities of individuals mostly in their workplaces. The theory majors on the differences between individuals and what makes them unique in their different ways (Uczynski and Buchanan 2009). Further to that, the important purpose of this theory is to identify the differences between individuals based on their personalities. Traits theory differentiates individuals into cardinal traits, central traits, or alternate characters. Cardinal traits argon traits that are evident in individuals whole life. The traits are unique to either individual to some extent they are identified on the uniqueness of the traits. Central traits are the clear characteristics found in a person that can be used to define their personalities. Despite universe unique to m ost individuals in most cases, to some situations they are not unique. Last is a secondary trait the trait exists in a persons life because of a particular attitude or preferences. They are not dominant in an individuals personality, but they occur under different circumstances (Uczynski and Buchanan 2009).Personality Questionnaires Theory.This theory focuses on using questions to measure the personalities of individuals. The questions used are based on a yes, no or I do not know answers. In workplace, questionnaires theory can be applicable in amount the level of team building exhibited by the workers.

Quiz 1 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Quiz 1 - Assignment ExampleThe act protects people who ar 40 or older.Hatch Act prevents people employed in the executive branch of federal government from engaging in partisan political activities. The Act does non apply to the president and steep rank officials. It specifies the list of political activities officials can and cannot engage.In this case, Roth sued Board of Regents because his contract was not renewed. He claimed that it happened because he made critical statements about University administration. The Supreme Court had to decide whether this case included the violation of the offshoot amendment concerning the freedom of speech.All employees at Duke Power Company were required to ingest high school parchment and pass IQ test which was not related to job performance. The court decided that the requirements of the company did not provide equal opportunities for promotion of employees who represented racial minorities.Employers must respect religious practice of th eir employees. They have to comply with Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 which lists their responsibilities before employees. They also need to provide fitting for the employee if it does not cause undue hardships.Loudermill rights pose a requirement to have a due mould before any employee is fired. Employers need to have a pre-termination meeting with employee and explain the reason why he or she is to be fired.TheLilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act of 2009 declares that compensation should not be discriminatory. This public justice is based on the case where female supervisor Ledbetter had substantially smaller payment than her male co-workers who sis the same.The Supreme Court ruled that any discrimination based on sex is prohibited. In the case, Oncale was discriminated by his male employees and had no reaction from supervisor after he had complained about discriminatory action of his

Reading Strategies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Reading Strategies - establish ExampleAs such, by employing strategies that address each variety in a specific way of life the reader is able to cultivate a critical skill of self-conscious interlingual rendition. Also, a reader is ameliorate able to determine that a variety of culture techniques are required in order to understand and actively engage with a text.This paper exit critically review a selection of recital strategies to demonstrate their benefits to teaching and learning of translation non-fictional texts. Firstly, before-reading testament be discussed and reference made to the technique of apply an Anticipation Guide. Secondly, during-reading will be presented with an example of the Anolighting Text method. Next, after-reading will be reviewed with reference to Organizational methods. Following, the implications of presented reading strategies for teaching practice will be outlined, and recommendations made for implication within the descriptorroom. Finally, a conclusion shall combine the main points of the paper to illustrate the critical benefit of reading strategies for student understanding and conceptualization of non-fictional texts.The before-reading phase is where the reader determines within themselves the purpose of reading the text, and develops a tentative plan as to how to approach the reading endeavor (Beers, 2000). It is suggested that before a reader begins on a text that they take the time to thought the material so as to get an overall feel for the material, before attempting to tackle link the details (Fairbrain, 2000). The send-off step suggested by Fairbrain is to understand the title of the article or text to be read. This requires careful reading to identify the key words used. For example definition, effect, review, comparison or summary (Duffy et al., 1987). A definition will aim to differentiate a concept/process from other members of the class by listing the terms distinguishing characteristics. An effect will seek to identify a cause that directly leads to a consequence (effect) that requires tracing probable or known effects of a certain cause or examining one or more effects and discussing the reasonable or known cause(s). A review will present a series of research that discusses the findings and conclusions of previous studies by aggregating data to present the overall mountain chain of the topic to date. Whereas a comparison will seek to detail how X differs and shares similarities with Y. An analytic paper will aim to break down a concept/process into it component parts so as to determine the actual parts that exist, their functions, structure and implications. Analysis involves breaking something down into its components and discovering the parts that make up the whole. However, it is clear that this step will only occur when the reader has a good grasp on the language of critical reading. As such, those readers who are new to a discipline could be expected to assume diffic ulty with the above terms with regard to their academician definition. Further, students of low self-efficacy may find themselves confronted by academic terminology and jingoism to

Prior Knowledge That Is Required before Using the Toaster Essay

Prior Knowledge That Is Required before Using the wassailer - Essay ExampleThe memo is summed up in one page and also contains the name of the multitude members.A toaster is an electronic gadget that allows you to cook, bake, and boil your food. It is important to have a toaster in your house but before depraveing a toaster one should decide on whether to buy a basic toaster or a toaster oven. A toaster oven can do more preparation than the ordinary toaster so if you do a lot of cooking thusly the toaster oven is ideal for you. If you want to cook for a crowd of people then a toaster oven will most likely suit you more than the normal oven. A toaster oven is not very different from the normal oven that is found in most of the kitchens. However, it should be known that not all cooking can be do using the toaster oven and so some cooking should be done using the normal oven or cooker (David 8).When you buy a toaster you are given a soon wire cord to prevent the chances of tri pping in the event where someone becomes tangled with the wire. However, lifelong cord are available but should be use with a lot of care. When one uses a longer cord, it is advisable that one checks the marked electrical rating and make sure that it is twice that of the toaster oven. The public convenience always has a polarized plug and so this makes it safe especially for fitting it to a polarized end. If you try to engender it and it does not fit then contact a qualified electrician and never try to consequence it (David 34).A toaster makes toasting much easier and faster than before. The toaster also has an easy to clean inner(a) that wipes the interior of the toaster clean at once. The toaster is also big enough to let you bake an entire meal once without having to split the number of cooking.Baking this is the function that can be used the same way that you would use your normal kitchen. When baking using the toaster, remember to prepare what you want to bake then prehe at the toaster for five to ten minutes.

Occupational Safety and Health Law Handbook Essay

Occupational Safety and Health Law Handbook - Essay causaSection 9(a) of OSHA provides that all credit ratings should reasonably be issued promptly. The limitation period for issuing consultations is six months. Therefore, no citation can be vacated within the period unless the delay prejudiced the employer1. The employer has the burden of proving that the delay hindered his preparation and innovation of the defense. The second defense available to an employer is that the affected employees were not vulnerable to the condition cited (Schneid & Schumann, 2007). The Act requires that any citation must establish that either the employees were exposed to, or there was a potential for their exposure to the hap in question. Furthermore, the Act requires that either the employer be in control of the hazard or create it. On this latter requirement, the employer could argue that he was unaware of the condition or could not have known the very(prenominal) despite exercising due diligence 2.It could also suffice to argue that no hazardous condition prevails at the workplace. There is the assumption that a hazardous condition exists at the workplace if what is violated is a specification standard (e.g. a guardrail in all working surfaces above four feet). Therefore, OSHA must jump that there existed a hazardous condition to justify the citation (Schneid & Schumann, 2007). The level of risk must be significant, which means that the employer should know of the hazardous condition requiring protective equipment3. Therefore, the employer has to be a reasonable person conversant(predicate) with the industry and safety requirements. If OSHA does not prove this standard, the citation is bound to

House Prices and the Wealth Effect Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 11

House Prices and the riches Effect - Essay ExampleIn a typical household, shares account for a relatively sm onlyer proportion of average assets while housing takes the huge proportion. People will rather invest in housing that has moderate rises in price compared to the stock market that has sharp unpredictable prizes. Home set are thus more evenly distributed that financial related wealth that is spread among the rich whose placego has slight effect on changing waves. Change in house prices thus presents much high effect to many people that change in share prices (Case, Quigley, & Shiller 3). However, this is not true across all economies. The influence of financial assets is much greater than that of housing wealth in Britain than in America because of Britain having swell instruments through which money is spent.In America, weakness in wealth effect on consumption was evaluate to reduce outlay but the opposite happened. As more Americans became poor from the fallen shar e prices, spending grew considerably hence helping America avoids getting into recession. Housing prices instead went higher thus squaring out the effect of fallen stock prices. However, empty homes and increased unemployment have indicated that consumer spending is driven by veritable earnings that influence projections of earnings from stocks, property, and bonds. Thus fallen asset values that cause investors to spend less and the rest are put into savings (The Economist, A housing slump helped 1). For example in the US in 2004, an increase in wealth by $1 caused an increase in spending mingled with 1 and 7 cents. This translated to 0.0375 wealth effect for a model that assumed equal effect between housing and financial assets.The policymakers consider housing wealth as having a similar effect as financial wealth in microeconomics sense. However, some people have already established fault in such conclusion. They argue that increase in the price of property increase cost of hous ing.

The American Experience from 1865 to 1945 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The American figure from 1865 to 1945 - Essay ExampleThe premise of the poem was even used in soap advertisements that encouraged tweed people to teach cleanliness to other races (Pears soap ad. 1890s)American foreign policy seems to follow the suggestions in Kiplings poem. The unify situates has sent troops to several countries that were in the midst of civil war. It seems as if the United States has interpreted on the role of a world police force and food charge provider to poorer nations. Often generation the United States has used force to destroy the infrastructures of other countries to turn around and flood that country with aid to rebuild that same infrastructure. America is very much the richer nation taking care of the poorer nations. The Americans run through taken on the white mans burden by spreading democracy and tackling human rights issues.Progressivism in the United State began as a political solution to many of societys ills much(prenominal) as child labor l aws and womans suffrage. The more or less notable person in the progressive party was Theodore Roosevelt (u-s-history.com). The progressive party advocated for many human rights reforms such as lower taxes for persons with lower incomes, nationalizing utilities and introduced collective bargaining and farm relief. The progressive party may have been popular among black Americans as they benefited the most from these reforms.

Difference and Similarities between Warhol's Films and Art Essay

Difference and Similarities among Warhols Films and Art - Essay ExampleThe paper Difference and Similarities between Warhols Films and Art discusses Andy Warhols necessitates and art. As told earlier, Andys films quite went against the rules of movie making the Classical Hollywood Cinema especially. He produced films that were characterized by boring long sequences that lacked a change in image or focus. His films did not fix a clear path like usual films he made use of sloppy photographic camera work, and the sound was far from better. In addition, his films had superstars acting with exaggerated gestures and sense of clumsiness. This is contrary to his visual paintings that d matchless understandably by experimenting with different contexts and colors. Unlike his films where he could repetitively focus on one image and subject, his pappa art dealt with subjects that ranged from the everyday mundane objects such as Campbells Soup Cans to celebrities such as Marilyn Monroe. It is similarly important to note that his artwork embraced the use of cartoons for his subjects. Warhols art was also characterized by creativity and mass-produced, distant his films, which hardly got any creativity. One of his films, Sleep produced in 1963 provides a clear picture of his filmmaking characteristics. The film was comprised of one continuous shot of Warhols close friend John Giorno depicting his as sleeping for 8 hours. It is critical to note, however, that the shooting took only twenty minutes with the rest of the film being characterized by repetitions of the films opening sequence and silkscreen pictures.

The Issue of Automation in Business Practices Research Paper

The resultant of Automation in Business Practices - Research Paper ExampleAllen (2001) looks critically at the disadvantages of manual processes. The briny demerit of undertaking business trading operations manually is that it is time-consuming and wastes organizational resources. Take for instance a highly automated factory post achieve a higher amount of production deep down a set timeframe compared with when the processes are undertaken manually. Process automation also encourages organizations to reduce the number of workers and subsequently cut back the cost of operation. The undeniable fact is that any organization that carries out most of its operations manually can hardly attain the state 2 of cost-efficiency (Allen, 2001). This is beca commit the organizations limited resources would be squandered on paying wages and maintaining the large number of employees hired to do the long manual processes. The good intelligence information is that every step in a business operat ion can be automated with the use of applicable technology and software for better efficiency. In a big corporation or networked organization, it is steadying to implement Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) as a system of coordinating all the sections of operations within an organization through the use of software that necessitate swift communication and higher proceeding among these sections in real-time (Allen, 2001). Automating with ERP helps organization to cut down the number of human personnel required for a job and eliminate cumbersomeness that often affects human activities within an organization. Most proponents of ERP believe that the system append a unique opportunity for employees of an organization to harness their potentials in a speedy manner maculation attending to the goals of their organization. And automation is the backbone on which ERP depends on for successful implementation. 2.2 Value-Added Functionality Automating a process or a set of processes undoubte dly increases the regard as of the output of such processes. Corcoran et al. (2010) believe that automation affords organizations the benefits of fastness, sustainability and quantifiable outcomes. In otherwise words, when an operation is automated, it increases the added value to the output in a way of supple delivery and better presentment in environmentally friendly nature that would forget 3 to the output being well true by consumers. For example, consumers are likely going to show more interest in organizations that offer quick services and products. Though, how much value automation adds to the quality of a service or product is shut up an ongoing debate. Bannerman (2008) opines that even though an organization enjoys process improvement, this does not necessarily mean that it will lead to business improvement for the organization. However, Allen (2001) states that improved business operations are likely going to add to the value of the goods and services offered by the concerned organization.

MOTIVATION Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

MOTIVATION - Essay practice2010). As such(prenominal), need is may be referred to as an inner drive, which arouses action or behavior in a particular manner. pauperization is characterized of having three components intensity, persistence and activation. Intensity is seen in the ability of an unmarried to take vigor and concentration in pursuing attainment of a given goal. Persistence depicts a round-the-clock effort that individual places in a goal irrespective of the various obstacles that may exist in the process of pursuing this goal. Finally, activation depicts the process or decision of behavior initiation, which is ge ard towards attainment of the goal. Motivation is characterized of various theories. Drive reduction theory is one of these theories, which argue that bulk tend to act such that their unavoidably atomic number 18 reduced and a constant psychological state is maintained (Jiming & Xinjian 2013). An example is that, masses will eat so that the need for food is reduced. Homeostasis, which depicts maintenance of a constant physiological equilibrium, is a common idea in this theory. The other theory is Maslows Hierarchy of Needs theory, which suggests that people are highly motivated because of the needs hierarchy. The first direct is characterized of physiological needs like security, safety, water and food, the siemens level is characterized of social interaction needs like need to belong, the third level is characterized of self-esteem needs like need for individuals respect, and the fourth level is characterized of self-actualization needs like needs for one to realize his or her full potential. Maslow has a believe that people will only have an attention for higher needs in times when lower needs have been satisfied satisfactorily (Hayenga & Corpus 2010). These needs of people embroil learned needs and innate needs, which are influenced significantly by culture and society. There are limited innate needs that include eliminat ion of wastes, oxygen, water and food, and numerous learned needs that include power, autonomy, and achievement. The determination of the level of needs among people is based on the values or perceptions, which people may perceive to be essential in their life. Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation Intrinsic motivation depicts a motivation facet that is triggered by enjoyment or interest in the task being performed. This motivation exists internally within an individual and does not depend on desires for reward or external pressures such as recognition for the performance (Mirabela-Constanta & Maria-Madela 2011). Intrinsically motivated individuals tend to focus on completion of their tasks in a willingly manner in order to improve their skills level and increase capabilities. People in an physical composition may be intrinsically motivated in case of Them attributing the performance results to factors, which are chthonic their control, or autonomy, If they posses self-efficacy belie fs, skills of making them the best agents of attaining the key goals of the organization, and Have the ability of mastering the culture and ethics of the organization towards attainment of a better performance. Extrinsic motivation on its own is focused on outcomes of acting a given activity. This indicates that extrinsic motivation is not inherent in an individual, but emerges from outside an individual (C?nar et al. 2011). Examples of common extrinsic motivation include rewards like bonus for an improvement in the performance level of an individual. Another example is competition, which triggers an individual to focus on attaining better results in the field of work in comparison to the other individuals in the same field. Comparing extrinsic to intrinsic motivation

Mill vs. Raz Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

donkeywork vs. Raz - canvass ExampleGuided by one very simple principle he outlines an argument for a system, which he believed, provided the trounce possible environment for individual and social progress (Mill, 1991, p.30). Mill advocates for humans shortcoming and their in freeness of knowledge, which means that the rectitude is not always the truth. Based on Mills assertions, any one company who attempts to coerce another group or individual is breaching individual indecorousness, which leads to the stagnation of the intellectual community. The key to progress lies in the condition of seek the best span of human experience and development. The individual in the Millian liberal society is engaged in experiments in living attempts to find new, deeper or merely different sources of happiness in deportment, uncoerced by the state or fellow individuals. (Ryan, 1991, p.166) The most important aspect of welfare is to note that the individual has complete authority in matters re garding themselves, society does not afford the right to restrict the individual, as long as the actions of the individual is not causing harm to themselves or others. Liberty is, therefore, an integral component of well-being liberty provides the best possible conditions to achieve the permanent interests of man as a progressive being. (Mill, 1991, p.31)In Josephs Razs The faith of Freedom, his theory does not rest on a human beings fallacies but instead he argues that the individuals w... Raz creates an image of the individuals well-being results from not just one being but that individuals situation within a culture, history, and society. He makes the simple argument that if a government can make a universal decision to hold open murder, then the state can act in defense of moral reason. Raz states that governments should promote the moral timber of the life of those whose lives and actions they can affect. (1988, p.415) He advocates that the individuals will adapt to societ ys preferences and then will be able to have a good life, striving for well-being. Raz declares that the importance of a liberal society does not rely on the individual choice, as it does for Mill, but instead the individual should be able to choose between respective(a) alternatives that have been determined and supported by the society where the individual resides. A persons well-being should not be dependant on how the individual lives their life and how they determine their actions to be of vale but rather their well-being rests on how living a life is valuable independent of how it helps the individual. As he explains, an autonomous life is valuable only if it is spent in the pursuit of acceptable and valuable projects and relationships. (1988, p.417) To best illustrate Mill and Razs ideals for an individuals well-being take for example an persons addiction to alcohol. Through Mills theory, the demand and priority for an individuals liberty in this self-regarding action and t he belief in human experimentation does not accrue any benefits for the individual. It is highly unlikely that the bulk of individuals will benefit from a life influenced by drugs. Raz on the other hand argues that the life of a drug addict is clearly inferior in terms

Big Time Sports Essay Example for Free

oversized Time Sports EssayBig time sports in colleges ar governed by guidelines and regulations. These sports are just aboutly in campuses and colleges. Big time sports can sometime draw out to violent behaviour and wretched behaviour, which are morally questionable. Most athletics can start using alcohol or drugs as incentives so that they can be able to practice for long hours without getting tired. These college athletes want to be the astonish during tournament hence they will do everything possible to fulfill the goals, targets of the team up. The players want to be selected because only the warring and talented players postulate the team.In tournament you will find that violent behaviour is experienced in the field and university principles like discipline are undermined. Big time sports extradite its vices. Lack of discipline is iodin of them. Lack of discipline is constant practiced by the team players but the campus or colleges can lift this and as a penal ty to the players who misbe expect they should not be allowed to play for the team until they are disciplined. Big time sports have been commercialized by the colleges and campus that participate in them because they compete with professional players.Many institutions bar up using a lot of resources financially to build big stadiums. These can sometime lead to corruptions as sport grants and aid to these colleges and campus do not follow a procedure. Big time sports have programs, which govern the sports in the campuses and colleges. These programs do not receive a positive public exposure repayable to recruitment scandals, favourism based on gender issues, early(a) students who participate in the sports end up do badly academically, which is not good for the college.Colleges compete against each other between highly skillight-emitting diode teams of students halt scholarships. (Murray, 70) Big time sports can lead to conflict between academic performance and athletics. College s and campuses offering courses in liberal arts and sports have sh take that the students who participate in college sports do not do come up academically. This has led to college to tag the students in the graduation list who participate in college sports so as to compare them with the other students who dont participate in sports. (Murray, 70)Big time sports cannot be successful if it wasnt for the constituent the coaches play in these college sports. The coaches train the students with talent because they know the success of the team depends on the athletes talent. So if it is nurtured well, the much successful the team will be. If the team players are good that will reflect on how well the coach is because they learn from him as he guides them. Big time sports open opportunities. Most players are detect while still in high school hence if recruitment is done properly the most talented players are got easily.Recruitment plays a major role in the success of a team taking into consideration that the team has competitive players hence stakes are set high for impertinently players because if one is a good player possibility of being bought by a sport torso to play for them are high. Other players are bought while still in high school, which can make them not finish high school, which is not right. High school athletes have to follow guidelines. Official visits are limited due to costs and if the player decides to have an official visit, it will be at his own expense. Big time sports have benefits to both colleges and campus and the players.These sports in terms of cost, consume a lot of resources in the campus budget. At the end, regardless of the high cost, when the colleges win in the college sport, there is usually an increase in use of students who want to join the college, donations also increase, teamwork is enhanced among the players, opposing teams are also united especially during the tournaments and lastly, it attracts athletes from versatile background. (Murray, 70) Big time sports are governed by guidelines and procedures. Due to technology, talented athletes are spotted even to begin with they get to college and recruitment starts.They start the recruitment process by viewing the videotapes of applicants, dossiers, transcripts, which they sort. The ones short-listed are met in person. The final list is submitted to the admission office and also those who are academically qualified are admitted. The colleges also have committees to answer questions about college sports or any issue related to it. Issues to do with recruitment, complains and corruption, are also looked into by the committee. Works Cited Page Murray, S. College Sports, Inc. The Athletic Department vs. the University. Henry Holt Company. 1990.

Irish Urban Land Development Essay Example for Free

Irish Urban Land Development EssayCurrently, Ireland is classified as a First World deliverance and it has experienced exceptional scotch development at an average rate of eight per cent per course of instruction between 1994 and 2001, with a humble increment rate of four per cent per year as from 2001 to reckon (Stewart 2005). With this rate of growth, Ireland has become more urbanized with increased population, changing agricultural practices, and reformation of local regime to hold increased prevalent participation and boost lucidity.In addition, there has been a change in the household development, an escalating number and forms of homes with a changing tenure system accompanied by population changes. These elements unitedly with the exceptional economic development and low interest rates hold in changed the economic, environmental and social brainpower of Ireland. The changes have presented numerous challenges such as traffic clogging, environmental squalor, urban sprawl, and lack of affordable housing. This has take to a broken nexus between economic development and human welf be (Drudy 1982).Ireland has had several mechanisms aimed at effecting efficient land use architectural prep within the urban environment towards achieving sustainable development. These mechanisms include an copiousness of policies and strategies. These policies and strategies include sustainable development, a strategy for Ireland 1997, National spatial strategy for Ireland 2002, and National development visualize 2002-2006 among other(a)s. However, even with these initiatives, numerous challenges still persist for urban and regional constitution-making in the search of an legal and efficient sustainable development (Stewart 2005).It can be debated that some political, social, and economic elements do repel policy impact from policies intentions considering the extent to which current challenges continue to exist (EU Commission 2001). Much of research related to urbanization of population is colored with powerful anti-urbanism and a desire after the values and simple life styles of tralatitious upcountry areas. In Ireland some research on urbanization too stresses the goodness of upcountry and the cons of urban trends.These biases are more apparent in the research and policies related to urban land and urban promotion onto agricultural land (Drudy 1982). In fact, the preservation and defense of agricultural land and rural facilities has been the force rump the ratification of physical planning laws (Bengston et al 2004). During the late 17th and 18th centuries the existing urban representative was increased by establishment of great number of new towns and villages together with re-development and extension of the existing settlements.It is argued that about of the Irish town begun as a village and outgrew into modest origins by the end of 18th century. These growths were as a result of network of roads and new canal system linkin g the rural and the major towns and this served as a reinforcement of the dominance of Dublin which was by then the best peopled town (Drudy 1982). The escalating growth of Irish urban regions particularly Dublin presented severe land, energy and social impacts. Growth was limited to a ring of suburban prompting rapid population increase with extreme demand for school, shopping centre, enchant systems and local employment.This demand called for more land thus increasing pressures on agricultural land for urban development. Irish dedication to sustainable development can be measured by looking at its housing and land-use policies. The development of one off housing in the rural areas is the significant sign of urban sprawl. In a nation marked with a growing ratio of low density space, the preponderance of one off housing suggestion is a wholesome system failure (Bengston et al 2004). Irish land use is mostly governed by local government development plans nevertheless implementation of policies are not uniform.Viewing the one-off housing policy under the economies of scale, the houses are more expensive in military service provision but a lot of burden to the developer, house purchaser and even Irish fellowship at large. This is echoed by EPA which state that single housing homes in the upcountry leads to greater car impost therefore increasing energy demands and greater usage of small waste water treatment facilities which have the tendency to pollute underground water (Bengston et al 2004). The opposition of one off housing focuses on the economic burdens for its occupants and on the exchequer.However, when placed on a national framework, there are unquestionably broader economic challenges at stake. For example the impact of sustained site sales on Irish agricultural commodities. The sale of some areas has benign effects on agricultural activities. The fact is that site sale shackle Ireland soil over medium and long-term. Smart Growth an Option for Ire land Smart growth model was born in US in the 90s and this concept entails identifying a common platform where developers, the public and public officials together with environmentalists among other stakeholders finds acceptable content of accommodating growth.The smart growth approach emphasizes on integrating economic, social, and environmental elements of planning and development. It is not an anti-development approach as many may argue but equivalent of the bigger sketch of sustainable development as defined by Bruntland as development that provides the requirements of the current generation without jeopardizing the cognitive content of the same resources to provide the needs of the future generations (Bruntland 1987).The concept imply to offer an answers towards managing growth through public policies instruments for example regulatory instruments and fiscal policies such as incentives and disincentives aiming at accommodating growth in shipway that are economically feasib le, environmentally friendly and enhancing quality of life. Some of the concerns that the approach targets to address is traffic congestion, urban sprawl, overcrowding and pollution (Stewart 2005). ConclusionThe global essential towards achievement of sustainable growth implies that it is important to seek means to accommodate development in ways that is economically feasible, environmentally friendly, and socially responsible. One of the major critics of traditional urban planning is that the concept, method and technique engaged lean towards re-enforcing the present. This makes it challenging for town and city to reflect, plan and establish future alternative ideas suiting to all stakeholders true requirements.There is a dire extremity of replacing the conventional short term quick fix model to long term integrating and holistic model in the planning and development strategies. There is need for collaboration on decision solutions and powerful political leadership for Ireland to progress from rhetoric to reality in delivering it land use policies that willing lead to positive, efficient and sustainable communities. Smart growth is not a solution to development concerns but an alternative approach to the present development model and a feasible way of mitigating current and verisimilar future social economic and environmental concerns (Stewart 2005).

Music and Tourism in Scotland Essay Example for Free

Music and tourism in Scotland EssayScottish touristry bloomed in the 1990s repayable to major heathen changes in society. Scotland began to create a new identity through the use of media that sanctiond the fond and cultural attributes of the country. Scotlands home-grown artists were used as a voice at the forefront of the promotion of Scotlands culture and heritage to world tourism.My essay will consider a range of issues surrounding the race between Scottish tourism and the development of Scottish symphony during the 1990s. It will consider the artists and songs that played a key role in the development of Scotlands national identity through outlining particular publicizing campaigns used to promote for Scottish tourism. My essay will also discuss the future plans for Scottish Tourism and how medical specialty will be part of them.Scottish Music and Scottish TourismTourism contributes an wide part of the economy in Scotland boasting a visitor spend of approximately 4b per year. As a tourist destination, Scotland boasts idyllic opportunities for its visitors such as the hillwalking the Munro Mountains, fishing the River Tay, immersing in the history of Edinburgh or Stirling and admiring the cultural diversities of Glasgow. These opportunities are realised and exploited by Government body originative Scotland, which was set up in 1993 and is dedicated to supporting the promotion of culture in Scotland on both national and international levels. Creative Scotland support the current Scottish Governments Corporate Plan, which promisesTo focusing Government and public services on creating a more successful country, with opportunities for each(prenominal) of Scotland to flourish, through increasing sustainable economic growth.Scotland has developed an exceedingly satisfying worldwide reputation for its diverse culture and is continuing to do so by championing harmony and the humanistic discipline through large scale events and fetes such as Cel tic Connections, a relatively new festival of traditional Scottish music which is exclusively held across a material body of high-profile venues in Glasgow including the flagship Glasgow Royal concert Hall which was opened as part of the cultural renaissance of Glasgow in 1990 with Glasgow becoming a European City of Culture in 1990.The formation of this festival alone has increased global interest from its sevenfold televised broadcasts on BBC and HD and a promotional tour to Chicago in 2012 during the Ryder cup at the nearby Merdinah artless Club.Another notable festival is T in the Park which is sponsored by Scottish Brewery Tennents. Established in Glasgow in 1993, the festival will celebrate its 20th anniversary in 2013 and showcases international artists with a focus on new and established Scottish acts such as Scottish Band Travis, who gained international realization through performing at the festival from 1994 as an unsigned band and subsequently becoming a headlining act of the festival in 2000. The festival moved to Perthshire in 1997 and politicians in the area were united to promote A Soundtrack for Scotlands Tourism, linking traditional music and tourism and diversifying the tourist industry. The festival attracts 85,000 people from all over Britain and in some cases worldwide, to Fife, Scotland, the festival has occasionOne of the most important and critically acclaimed music events on the international festival circuit.The festival has been televised on BBC and footage of the festival includes shots of the backdrop landscape of Kinross and Fife regions.Promoting Scottish patriotism and Tourism with Music in Sports BrandingBranded produce from Scotland provided the tourism sector with an indirect fountain of advertising the heritage and culture of Scotland during the 1990s. Many advertising campaigns were televised in particular for the alcohol industry, which used iconic songs synced with images of rural and urban Scottish landscapes wh ich helped create an escapist image of Scotland. An example of this would be Tennents Lager, who used Dougie Macleans song Caledonia against the imagery of a grimy busy city with arrogant people compared to the contrasting escapist, social, potent and friendly atmosphere of a public house in EdinburghThe sense of nationalism and pride in the cultural diversity in Scotland went from strength to strength in the early 1990s. Scotland celebrated a menstruation of excellence in sport on a global scale which also helped boost the number of visitors to the country. Although Scotlands national football team failed to advance through the group stages of all the World Cup tournaments in the 1990s including Italy, USA and France respectively, Scotlands national Rugby team celebrated international success, beat England 13-7 in the 1990 Five Nations Grand Slam.This event penned The Corries lament Flower of Scotland as the unofficial national hymn of Scotland, boosting the national pride and i dentity and has been used ever since at most sporting events. The song was written toKindle a new awareness of what is being lost and what can be regained. Scotlands resistance, not its defeat is stressed here.Another notable use of Scottish music for advertising Scottish Tourism is the 1997 television campaign which used The Silencers version of Wild Mountain Thyme, which is a traditional piece of music popularised by the particular advert which featured iconic scenes of Scotlands rural landscapes, castles and activities such as travel, glide and walking. The advert quoted Scottish Poet Norman MacCaig who wrote about ScotlandOnly mens minds could have unmapped into abstraction such a territory.Another song of note which relates to a worldwide audience and captures the picturesque imagery of Scottish landscapes would be Runrigs version of the traditional Scots Lament Loch Lomond, which was voted as Scotlands best song by a reader poll in Scottish publication The List in 2008, beat ing arrogance by Deacon Blue, Caledonia by Dougie MacLean and 500 Miles by the Proclaimers, all of whom are regarded as Scottish jingoistic artists with Pete Wishart, Keyboardist of Runrig being elected as an SNP MP at Westminster in 2001. Conclusion The Future of Scottish nationalism and TourismScotlands culture and heritage will continue to grow in the tourism situation through the commitment of Creative Scotland and its relationship with VisitScotland which is evident from its goalsCreative Scotlands ambition is to see Scotland as one of the worlds most creative nations by 2020.An example of this commitment is apparent as 2012 is the Year of Creative Scotland which continues the celebrations of Scottish culture and promotes it to the world through festivals such as the Sound fete which will be held over October and November and aims to bring visitors to the North East areas of Scotland to enjoy alternative music of Scotland.The net income has increasingly become a major rol e in the promotion of Scotlands live music events with internet website www.visitscotland.co.uk, acting as the information and marketing gateway for prospective visitors to find information, link to immaterial websites such as event homepages and furthermore, purchase event tickets directly with great ease.Glasgow will again become City Of Culture in 2014 and will host the Commonwealth Games and the Ryder Cup, which will be an ideal probability for sports and Scottish music to join forces once again.

Eminent Domain Essay Example for Free

Eminent region EssayThe military group of in high spirits field of view is succinctly provided downstairs the U. S. Constitution, specific tout ensembley in the Fifth Amendment which in part provides, . . . nor shall clandestine stead be interpreted for popular handling, without still recompense (U. S. Constitution, Fifth Amendment). The strength of elevated domain is integrity of the attributes of sovereignty. This world the case, it atomic number 50 still be manipulationd even without a constituent(a) provision to that effect Boom Co. V. Patterson, 98 U. S. 403 (1878). Historically, the business office of eminent domain has been employed by the American colonies for general projects worry roads and bridges (Oxford Companion, 2005). Originally, the force-out was considered to be applicable only to the national establishment by virtue of the Fifth Amendment. The power of eminent domain of state governments was unrestrained by any federal authority Green v. Frazier, 253 U. S. 233 (1920). The just compensation provision of the Fifth Amendment did not apply to the States, and at secondary gear the contention that the due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment afforded berth proprietors the same measure of protection against the States as the Fifth Amendment did against the Federal Government was rejected (Find Law web site, n. . ).However, with the inclusion of the Due Process clause or the Fourteenth Amendment, the power applied to the states in so far as the just compensation requirement as an element of due process as the domineering tourist court of law ruled in the case of Chicago, Burlington Quincy Railroad v. Chicago (1897) (Oxford Companion, 2005). Except for North Carolina which answers the power by virtue of a statutory authority, the other state governments derive theirs from their respective constitutions (Wests cyclopedia of American Law, 1998).For the power of eminent domain to be validly rund, the following r equisites or elements must concur and be proven, namely, that the situation being taken is one-on-one property in that location must be winning the victorious must be for in the usual eye(predicate) use and, there must be just compensation (Wests encyclopedia of American Law, 1998). The initiative element, private property refers to push down as well as fixtures, leases, options, stocks, and other items (Wests Encyclopedia of American Law, 1998).Property rights such as water rights and right to reasonable use of the space supra ones property whitethorn also fall within the purview of private property (Wests Encyclopedia of American Law, 1998). The second element, taking means the taking of physical property, or a deal out thereof, as well as the taking of property by reducing its prise (Wests Encyclopedia of American Law, 1998). There is compensation when the property is taken or its use is extensively restricted that it amounts to confiscation.For instance, a highway wa s constructed over the waterfront to in reason property the owner of that property must be paid considering that he lost his right to use the waterfront (Wests Encyclopedia of American Law, 1998). Also when airplane flights are low enough to deprive the owner of the private property below of his reasonable use of the space above his property must also be compensated as this amount to taking. The concept of taking low the power of eminent domain should not be confused with the regulatory takings under the guard power of the State.The power of eminent domain is also called the Takings clause. The difference is that in the exercise of the power of eminent domain, the taking is for macrocosm use while on the other hand, the taking in the exercise of police power is for purposes of regulating that property as it is detrimental to human race interest (U. S. Constitution Annotated, n. d. ). The taking in the exercise of police power is for the common welfare and is usually in the heal th and prophylactic regulations (U. S. Constitution Annotated, n. d. ).The third element is public use. It is required that the property is taken for the use and benefit of the public and not specific persons. The determination of whether a specific use is public or not rests upon the courts and is considered a question of accompaniment. However, if there is a law which specifies the public use for which it shall be devoted, courts will defer to legislative intent (Wests Encyclopedia of American Law, 1998). In the determination of public use the courts inquire into the fact that the property would be used by broad segment of the general public (Wests Encyclopedia of American Law, 1998).Through the years the Supreme courtyard in its judicial pronouncements, has expanded the concept of public use as to include trade centers, municipal civic centers, and airport expansions (Wests Encyclopedia of American Law, 1998). In 1954, public use even encompassed beautification purposes of the community. In the case of Berman v. Parker, the Court declared that the clearing of the slums is deemed as public use. The Court reviewed the plan of District of Columbia to raze properties which are partly blighted so that a department store can be erected to be managed by a private entity.The Supreme Court upheld the decision of District Columbia and ruled that it is within the prerogative of the legislative body to crack which property can be subject to the taking for aesthetic considerations (348 U. S. 26). Subject to specific constitutional limitations, the legislature, not the judiciary, is the main guardian of the public needs to be served by social legislation enacted in the exercise of the police power and this principle admits of no exception merely because the power of eminent domain is knotted Berman v.Parker 348 U. S. 26 (1954). In support of the legislative body, the Court barely ruled that it is within the legislatures power to address the issues of blighted areas of the community. Re study of an entire area under a balanced interconnected plan so as to include not only new homes but also schools, churches, parks, streets, and obtain centers is plainly relevant to the maintenance of the coveted housing standards and therefore within congressional power Berman v. Parker 348 U. S. 26 (1954).Traditionally, the concept of public use was applied in cases which involved supplying of water, electrimetropolis, transportation, roads and bridges and the like but due to the expansion of its scope through the years, a definitive determination of its scope is difficult. delineate the scope is basically one of legislative pronouncement directed to the purposes of government, incapable of abstract or historic definition Berman v. Parker 348 U. S. 26 (1954).In a recent case of Hawaii Housing berth v.Midkiff (1984), at issue was the Land Reform Act of 1967 which provided for a land condemnation scheme in which appellation over the real property is passe d from the owner-lessor to the lessees to re-distribute land and reduce concentration of land self-command Hawaii Housing Authority v. Midkiff 467 U. S. 229 (1984). It allowed lessees who reside in tracts of land with at least five acres of land area to communicate for condemnation from the Hawaii Housing Authority. A hearing would be ordered to determine if the condemnation is for public use Hawaii Housing Authority v. Midkiff 467 U. S. 229 (1984).The rationale in the transfer of ownership is found in the delivery of a free market. The proposition proceeds from a realization that concentration of land in the custody of the few prevented the free market in real estate and therefore its preservation is deemed a public benefit Hawaii Housing Authority v. Midkiff 467 U. S. 229 (1984). The allowance of these takings for reconveyance of land is allowed even by the U. S. Supreme Court based on the idea that the new owners will spur more effective uses to the land and thereby create mo re revenues in the form of taxes for the government.The last element of the power of eminent domain is just compensation. The measure of just compensation or the amount to be paid to the owner of the property condemned or expropriated is based on the fair market value (Wests Encyclopedia of American Law, 1998). It is defined as the price that could own reasonably resulted from negotiations between an owner who was willing to sell and a purchaser who desired to buy (Wests Encyclopedia of American Law, 1998). This value is determined by the uses to which the property can be devoted at the time of the taking.Factors such as history and general character of the area and the adaptability of the land for future buildings are also considered (Wests Encyclopedia of American Law, 1998). The Court, in the case of Monongahela Navigation Co. v. unite States, explained that the value of just compensation should be based on the owners loss being placed in the best financial position as if the p roperty had not been expropriated rather than the value of gain for the condemnor (Monongahela Navigation Co. v. United States, 148 U. S. 312).The compensation should be paid in cash, and the amount is determined as of the date title vests in the condemnor. Interest is paid on the award until the date of payment (Wests Encyclopedia of American Law, 1998). The proceedings usually vary in the different states. Basically, it involves two phases, i. e. condemnation of the property and the determination of just compensation. During the pendency of the proceedings, the owner of the condemned property may continue in using his property provided that there is no substantial alteration of the same is made (Wests Encyclopedia of American Law, 1998).In all proceedings, the owner must be afforded due process. This means that he must be duly notified and be attached an opportunity to be heard, i. e. present his evidence and his own witnesses. He must be given also the opportunity to dispute the compensation determined if he does not agree with it. The owner of the land has an automatic right to appeal (Wests Encyclopedia of American Law, 1998). There are also cases when the owner of the land is the party that commences the proceedings. This is called inverse condemnation proceedings.This type of proceedings is usually resorted to for environmental concerns when the government has encroached on the interest of the owner of the land without paying him the just compensation such as when the government floods a farmers field or pollutes a stream crossing private land (Wests Encyclopedia of American Law, 1998). With the disappearance of the traditional federal constitutional restraints on the exercise of the power of eminent domain, has the public use requirement metamorphosed into public abuse. What therefore are its ramifications and how can these be resolved.Discussion and Analysis The power of eminent domain had been k straight off by the American judiciary as a despotic power, that notwithstanding, it also recognized that it is an inherent power necessary for it to subsist. Traditionally, the Takings clause was used only in clear situations necessitating public use projects where public requirement has been shown. The power has been exercised for bridges, roads and the like. As it developed, it was also exercised in relation to study of blighted areas because the removal of slum areas is considered as for a public purpose.The Berman case has to a certain intent modified public use into public purpose. In fact it has passed on judicial responsibility of examination to the legislative body that once the object is within its authority, the right to exercise the power becomes clear. As if this was not enough, the concept of public use was completely eroded in the case of Kelo, et al. v. City of newfound London, computerized axial tomography which was decided by the Supreme Court in 2005 (545 U. S. 4). A large-scale development plan was authoriz e by the New London in order to spur economic development to an economically straiten city in terms of jobs, taxes and revenues.The residential neighborhood which is not blighted is supposed to be replaced by a research center, office space, conference hotel and the like. Portions of the project will be leased out by the private developers who will build the entire project. The city development agent was able to purchase private lands from the consenting owners. However, a number of the other residents refused to sell out and contested the condemnation proceedings initiated against their properties.The property owners filed an appeal before the Supreme Court after the having lost in the Connecticut Supreme Court Kelo, et al. v.City of New London, 545 U. S. 4 (2005). The U. S. Supreme Court ruled, public use should not be film literally. It has embraced the broader and more natural interpretation of public use as public purpose. Promoting economic development is a traditional and long-accepted governmental function. Therefore, the condemnations were for a public purpose and met the public use requirement Kelo, et al. v. City of New London, 545 U. S. 4 (2005). The rationale, for which the Bill of Rights in the Constitution was included, is for the purpose of protecting the citizenry from the vast powers of the government.These are safeguards to manipulate individual(a)s from possible abuses. Therefore any issue of doubt should be interpreted in favor of the individual and strictly against the government. Protecting property rights is one of the hallmarks of democracy. With the recent decision of the Supreme Court, every property now lies under the ghost of condemnation for the benefit of private persons. The requisites provided by the Constitution for the exercise of the power of eminent domain must be strictly adhered to and should not be interpreted loosely as to mollify expanded meanings.It may be argued that service would bring benefits to the communit y and therefore the public as total still this is done at the expense of depriving and even curtailing the property rights of property owners who refuse to surrender them in the guise of a reasonable and lawful exercise of the power of eminent domain. Again, it may be argued further that these property owners would nevertheless receive just compensation. However, the proceedings and the determination of the amount of just compensation may be tedious.The owner who may have issues as to the amount already determined may have scarce resources to raise these issues in a long and expensive legal battle in court as against vast resources of government and legal machinery. In general, with an expansive justification to the taking, the peaceful possession and ownership of a property owner is disturbed. Analysis of states legislations reveal that majority of the laws contain justification for the exercise of the power of eminent domain in cases where there is a determination of blighted are as which pose unsanitary and vulnerable conditions.In these cases, the necessity for public use is clearly established. In the case of Kelo, no such necessity exists and the higher risk of redevelopment political science to take advantage of such command is not remote. The ruling in the Kelo case signifies the utter lack of creativity and ingenuity on the part of the state authorities to conceive and plan ways and means to spur economic redevelopment other than by taking private properties from its owners. The state officials/government seemed to have acted as middleman in procuring property for the private individuals. unmatched of the city redevelopment directors has been quoted as saying, city decides which properties to condemn based on whether someone in the private sector wants the land and has a project for it (Staley, 2003). Clearly, it is the private interests that push redevelopment. The issue of whether this would benefit the public would go on to be seen and while wai ting for this to materialize, the property owners were already deprived of the properties they have acquired and established residence in through time.Economic redevelopment is basically a function and responsibility of government but by approving redevelopment plans of private contractors and the acquisition of private properties under the guise of the power of eminent domain, government has in effect contracted out its function and responsibility in spurring economic development within their localities in favor of private entities. On the whole, the exercise of the power of eminent domain under the expansive meaning of public use sends a wrong signal to private individuals. It is every Americans dream to own and establish a family home in a community where their children can grow up.In fact laws such as the Homeowners Protection Act have been enacted to support this and instigate those who establish family residential homes. It is also every Americans dream to own real property s o they toil and labor so that the fruits of their work can be invested for their security in the future. However, with the gloomy manner by which the power of eminent domain is now exercised, property rights are wrecked and city governments are on carte blanche as to which properties may be condemned as dictated by redevelopment companies whose only tool seems to be that.The Court in the Kelo case reverted to the States the function to impose restrictions and restraints in the exercise of the power of eminent domain. This may be interpreted as an abdication of the Courts power to strike down the abusive manner in which the power of eminent domain was exercised. It is empowered by the Constitution under its judicial review power to declare whether an act of government officials have been put to death beyond the mandated duties and functions. The Court is duty bound to ensure safeguards against government action.

Frida Kahlo Essay Example for Free

Frida Kahlo EssayThe atomic number 1 crossing infirmary (The Flying Bed) completed in 1932, created by the artist Frida Kahlo was her first painting on tin. The painting contains all components of Frida Style ex-voto (retablo) which is small in size, painted on tin, portrays a tragic causa and an inscription. The style used for this painting is Surrealism. This work is made by Oil on Metal. The dimensions of the work atomic number 18 12 x 15 In a shape of a Rectangle. Frida used rich colour to express strong feelings. This artwork was made during the Modern Art period.Frida Kahlo was the creator of the Henry Ford Hospital (The Flying Bed) 1932 painting. This is one of her most painful self-portraits that she had ever painted. Frida created this artwork of herself during one of her most painful measure in her life. She was suffering her second miscarriage, and she was also was also realizing that she would not ever be able to hightail it a pregnancy to term. She experienc ed this situation in a foreign city that she did not like, the city of Detroit, Michigan.They were in the city of Detroit because her husband Diego was creating his famous Detroit Industry frescoes (frescoes, is a technique of mural painting penalize upon freshly laid lime plaster) at the Detroit Institute of Arts. In the background of the painting Frida included the Ford familys factories because they dominated the skyline from the hospitals view. In Henry Ford Hospital Frida lies naked in her cognize. Frida has a large tear falls from her left eye. The sheet beneath her is bloody, because she is had a miscarriage.Her stomach is still swollen-headed from pregnancy. The bed frame bears the inscription Henry Ford Hospital Detroit, but the bed and Frida floats or wing in an abstract space circled by a series of six floating objects around her bed that are symbolic of her emotions at the time of her miscarriage. They are attached with festive bows the ends of red ribbons I indica te are veins or umbilical chords that she holds against her stomach with her left hand. There is a side view of the womanly anatomy, a fetus, a snail, a machine, an orchid and an watch of a pelvis.The main object or image is a perfectly formed male fetus the little Diego Frida had hoped to have. The others refer to aspects of childbearing. The snail Frida explained refers to the slowness of her miscarriage. At the bottom of the painting is the broken pelvis that prevented Frida from having children. The large lavender orchid looks like an extracted uterus, Diego had given it to Frida in the hospital. When she painted the orchid, she had the sexual thing mixed with the sentimental. The female torso is to explain the inside of the female.The machine at lower left symbolizes the mechanical part of the whole business. This works meaning and the feelings involved are explicit openly. The objects are much larger than her actual body, symbolizing how her fears and tragedies are overtaki ng her life. The fact that she lies alone in her bed, with no one around her except the sky, shows that she feels alone. This shows the feeling of loneliness, abandonment and helplessness. It also illustrates the fragility of her body and and then shows that she is in a weak, painful, grieving and depressing point in her life.

Dominating the poem Essay Example for Free

Dominating the poem EssayOde to nightingale is an antithesis of life and death, with death very often high-and-mighty the poem (Keats suffered from tuberculosis, and his description of men suffering in Ode to a Nightingale could indicate that he himself was in great pain when he wrote the poem), whereas The Prelude absorbs a conflict between man and nature, and Ode to Autumn is precisely admiring an aspect of nature. However, Keats and Wordsworth both allude to ideals expressed in the philosophical viewpoint Romanticism. Wordsworth thought that the individual could substantiate nature without society or civilisation, and this is the stance that he takes in The Prelude.The metaphor of a single individual in a boat in the middle of a huge lake represents one person in isolation from society. The mountain that towers over the person in the boat represents the raw power of nature, so a lot more powerful than a mere human (a Romantic ideal is that nature comes first, while st ate and their thoughts and activities come second. Wordsworth takes it to extreme in The Prelude with his descriptive comparison of the huge peak, black and huge and the secondary boat. The imagery comes across very vividly in the poem, and man seems insignificant when compared with the huge and mighty forms, that do not live like living men.)Keats also expresses his idea of the power of nature, but from a variant viewpoint. He does not see nature as raw, wild power that is a colossus compared with footling humans. He instead regards nature as a friend in suffering (in Ode to a Nightingale Now more than ever it seems rich to diewhile thou art pouring thy soul abroad) and as a thing with its own magic (Ode to Autumn Where are the songs of Spring?Think not of them, thou hast thy medication too)In Ode to a Nightingale Keats also sees the nightingale as a thing of immense weird power, something so powerful that it can trigger his imagination and send him into a fantasy world of ver durous glooms and knotty mossy ways where he can forget his pain for a short while, even though afterwards he is forced to realise that his poetry cannot help him escape his pain permanently (the legerdemain cannot cheat so well as she is famd to do, deceiving elf.)This is another similarity which the two writers share they both describe spiritual experiences that have happened to them. Wordsworth describes the stamp that the view of the megalith mountain had on him (but after I had seen that spectacle, for many a(prenominal) days, my brain worked with a dim and undetermined sense of unknown modes of being) and describes his feelings of solitude and blank desertion that were a trouble to his dreams.Keats uses a lot of very entrancing imagery (soft incense, embalmed darkness, pastoral eglantine, musky rose, blanket(a) of wet wine and murmurous haunt of flies all create a very clear look-alike of the fantasy world Keats has conjured up in his imagination, influenced by the song of the nightingale) and emotive language (the poem is full of exclamations such as Away, Adieu and Folorn that seem almost like laments, peculiarly in the theme of thou wast not born for death, immortal Bird) in Ode to a Nightingale, succeeding in potation the lecturer into an bond with his thoughts where they can see, hear and smell everything that Keats is experiencing.This sort of empathy through poetry is very strong to achieve, though Keats also manages it in Ode to Autumn through his descriptions of season of mists and mellow fruitfulness. Keats does not reflect much on his experience in Ode to a Nightingale, except only to wonder was it a vision, or a waking dream?Do I wake or sleep? However, this last question lets the reader themselves reflect on the meaning of the nightingale (though throughout the poem the references to easeful death and Darkling make it translucent that the bird symbolises death.)Keats and Wordsworth have widely different styles of writing. Their poems greatly differ in language form and structure, especially between Wordsworths simple language and Keats traditionally embellished diction. However, both poets have had troubled times in their lives, and their poems (Ode to a Nightingale and The Prelude) reflect this. They both portray their spiritual encounters with nature as having had a great effect on them, which is in keeping with the Romantic ideals of nature and spirituality. They also express their Romantic views of nature as a source of power, though they have different views on the type of power that nature possesses.

Trends in Healthcare Essay Example for Free

Trends in Health premeditation EssayIn the recital of the United States thither have been an overall transformation of the way the public experiences wellness wish. Paul Starr eloquently explains impetuss that have affected the health supervise system in his books The Social Transformation of American Medicine and Remedy and Reaction. An in depth overview of the history of medicine gives a greater understanding of the trends that shape the system we experience today. The first major trend that shaped medicine is the delivery of medicine to the public from the 1800s to present. In the early 1800s individuals received medical examination parcel out by individuals that were not properly trained and did not have proper knowledge of sanitary care for patients.In the 1850s the invention of the stethoscope, ophthalmoscope, laryngoscope, microscope x-ray, and EKG offerd a transforming medical community that began relying on technology of care to go forth better diagnoses and ca re. With the invention of these medical devices, patients moved from caring for individuals in their homes to the hospital facilities and contributed to a higher endurance rate. With the development of more hospitals to care for the sick, we also began to meet the formation of multiple hospitals to tailor to multiple ghostlike denominations.The next major trend discussed in the trend in the way we finance health care. pay for health care in the private sector began to change in 1929 when rich Cross was organise at Baylor University for school teachers in Dallas, TX. There was a dual purpose for this program. It provided coverage for individuals so that there would not be financial consequences as a result of hospital care. In essence it was a safety net to also ensure hospitals received payment for services rendered.The insurance company fabricated the risk, based on the profitability of a claim. In 1939 another program was developed called Blue Shield. Blue Shield was design ed by a group of physicians as a way of reimbursing physicians services and medical and surgical services.The coverage did not include coverage for pharmaceuticals. Monetary payment was made to an insured which could be assigned to a provider. We also saw the development of the FederalGovernment third party payers such(prenominal) as Medicaid or Medicare. Especially today we are seeing the move toward more regulation and the surmisal of requiring health coverage for all with a penalty if the coverage is not purchased.The third trend we see in health care is the utilization of health care. In the early 1800s care was primarily provided to patients who were belike facing a detrimental condition for which there was no care. Methods were not in place to provide surgeries that were sanitary and technology had yet to provide equipment to diagnosis conditions. In the 21st century we see a trend to move toward preventative care. More and more health insurance companies are offering incent ives on deductibles as a way to encourage annual visits so as to possibly lower health care costs for major illnesses that could arise and could possibly be prevented in identified earlier.Health care is a field that is forever changing, and it could not be truer than when we turn on the news to see the latest headlines regarding Obamacare. There has long been a struggle on how to best provide coverage availability to Americans without infringing on their freedom of choice. Health care continues to be one of the most costly challenges we face, and as we have seen in the past decades, it is a topic that is ever transforming.

Merchants Tale - Marriage Essay Example for Free

Merchants Tale Marriage endeavorGeoffrey Chaucers presentation of marriage doneout The Canterbury Tales is, indeed, varied, abstract and supplemented by dispute over the sincerity of specific works. This literary inconsistency is strongly evident in The Merchants Tale, making it essential to channelise the disparity of its message on the topic of marriage.It could initially be assumed that the poem is not solely a cynical approach shot on marriage Chaucer offers a somewhat objective overview of the issue, purveyed by the obvious difference in look of its characters, for example the merchant in the prologue we wedded men live in sorwe and care1 and Januaries opinion in this ground it marriage is a paradis2 or the differing judgements of both Justinus it is no childes pley3 and Placebo Dooth now in this matiere right as yow leste4 after Januaries point of reference with them. By addressing the fact that the message fluctuates it could be argued that Chaucer offers m ultiple compatible interpretations. Should we interpret the opinion of Placebo in the equivalent way as we should Justinus, or do the subsequent events of the Tale prove to us that we should primarily meet ourselves with the view of the more reasoned, objective character the name Justinus implies a judicial figure? Concerning an answer to the question, it is also important to address the relationship between Januarie and may, and the following cuckolding.Is it more a cynical attack on adultery than that of marriage? The fundamental basis for investigating the status of marriage in The Merchants Tale is to address the initial opinion of the merchant in the Prologue, and the subsequent irony at the beginning of the Tale. Chaucer directs the poem through the narration of the merchant, who has a clear cynical attitude towards his wife (in reaction to The Clerks Tale and patient Griselda), though not overly marriage in general Thogh the feend to hire ycoupled were, She would him ov ermacche5Here, he specifically links his wife with the devil, that she would defeat him if they were they coupled. He goes as far as demonising his wife and presenting her in an evil, even heretic manner. This is in stark contrast to his later comment, for who kan be so buxom as a wyf? 6, which emphasises the inconsistency of image throughout the poem. The idea of a woman having dominance over a potent figure commode be related to Mays apparent supremacy over Januarie and the Tale as a whole And either signe that she koude make, Wel bet than Januarie, hir owene make7She manipulates Januarie in the garden in a similar manner to the serpent (the devil) in Genesis, suggesting that May has crafty, cunning and stealthy attributes relative to a snake. Januarie is blind to her cunning in both a unfeigned sense and a moral sense as Adam is initially to the serpents influence. Januarie is manipulated by his wife as Adam is by his. Chaucer also refers to the realisation of sin, as with Adam, Januarie becomes aware of nakedness with the literal return of his sight, covering his wife, May, actively engaging in a sinful act of adultery with Damyan, further linking wyfs with the devil.These religious connotations and the superb sensitive view of cuckolding (and adultery) suggest the Tale is providing a cynical attack on marriage for a clerical purpose. When this is related to Januaries ambiguous, yet seemingly devout, reasons for taking a wife it can still be believed that Chaucer is addressing a particularly religious theme, albeit this should be addressed with caution when consulting the merchants narration

Habeas Corpus and the War on Terror Essay Example for Free

Habeas Corpus and the struggle on Terror EssayThe police of Habeas Corpus was created to permit the guilty to present their case in court and to be tried fairly. In todays fight on terror, the amount of such enemy combatants who were detained indefinitely without any trial has raised. The courts are split up on following the law by the earn or to practically change it according to the situations needs. I feel its necessary to follow these laws in the identical context in which they were written, and the pragmatic approach leaves room for reckless changes. To deny an enemy combatant his or her day in court cannot be justified as taking the pragmatic approach in dealing with war criminals. This paper is an attempt to present the state of law today towards war criminals and the implications of denying the introductory right of Habeas Corpus to suspected terrorists. Ever since the onset of civilization, arguments impart routinely erupted between various members, families, factions, and groups in spite of appearance civilizations and between civilizations. In ancient propagation, arguments would be resolved by crude means, means not throttle to the powerful person using brute force to show he was in the right.The stronger person would invariably have, say for lesson, the first right to food, to agricultural produce, cattle and to wealth etc. The weak wouldnt defy pick an argument over the stronger person in fear for their life. But as civilizations grew and advanced over time, a code of ethics and laws began to form. Societies began to incorporate and adapt these laws in their daily functioning. Drawing inspiration from religion, ago civilization practices and their mistakes, it was only natural that basic human rights were thought close and codified.The rights were guaranteed to all human beings, regardless of who was physically stronger. The American Revolution has beyond doubt shaped the basic structure of human rights for the blameless world to follow. Among many undeniable rights to citizens, the writ of Habeas Corpus was identified and established very early on in the Revolution. In Europe, the writ of Habeas Corpus was first traced to be used around the 12th and thirteenth centuries during the medieval period. Habeas Corpus translates from Latin to mean you may have the body or you may take apart the body.It is essentially a writ that requires any person detained by law enforcers to be tried in a court of law and have his detention validated (Bbc. com, 2005). The writ doesnt decide whether the incriminate is guilty or not, it merely stipulates that the accused be tried and detained if only found guilty of the crime being accused for. The US inherited this law from the English and codified it in the constitution in Article 1, section 9. The UN later incorporated it in their inter res publicaal human rights in 1952. The point of careen with the habeas corpus right is to whom it applies.The law stipulates tha t this right be never be hang up or denied and in cases of rebellion, invasion or when perceived as a threat to public safety. Surprisingly, this writ has been previously suspended twice in the past for seemingly similar reasons. President Lincoln suspended the writ in 1861 to prosecute the war prisoners captured during the American Civil war. His argument was that the confederates were a threat to the union and indeed issued the order (Dueholm, 2008). This law was later restored after the war ended in 1866.President Bush in 2006 issued a similar suspension of the habeas corpus writ to detain enemy combatants captured in the global war against terror. It deemed these accused terrorists as a threat to national security and denied them the right to be presented and tried in court. This paper will focus on the consequences faced by the accused and the validity of enforcing such a suspension. Just suspending the writ wouldnt seem very harmful when looked at by itself. But take up f or a moment who the government arrests. American policy makers routinely count any war machine hop on males as enemy combatants.Drone strikes assume anyone in the vicinity of a drone strike of military age to be a enemy combatant first and then when sufficient intelligence is gettable to the contrary, they are posthumously declared civilians (Balko, 2012). In a likewise fashion, arrests were also made based on the very broad physical description of an age group, or depending on where they are and who they interact with, were picked up after being accused of terrorism. Next, consider the location of their detention. Accused terrorists were detained at prison, run by US military personnel backed by US administration set up in a foreign land i. . Guantanamo Bay, Cuba.The single reason for maintaining such an institution a flair from US soil was to circumvent the jurisdiction of laws that govern detainees which would apply if held on US soil. Laws of detention stipulate not only th e human body of treatment but also the punishment meted out to convicted terrorists. The captors were free to torture their captives in any way they saw fit to gather any amount of relevant information, regardless of whether the person accused is an developed terrorist holding any real information to share.Terms such as enhanced interrogation techniques had to be invented to pass them as legal and humane methods in congress. Add to this polarized scenario, the suspension of the one single law that could serve as the difference between life and death of an innocent civilian the suspension of the writ of habeas corpus. The suspension took away with it the only chance an innocent civilian had to prove his innocence. In short, simply stand up at the wrong place at the wrong time can get you to serve a lifetime of torture with not even a hint of a fair trial.Naturally, concern about the handling of such detainees grew and petitions filed by family and friends of detainees finally beg an to reach the courts. The Supreme Court finally in a landmark case of Boumediene v. Bush ruled against the suspension of habeas corpus for the detainees with a 5-4 majority. It declared that the suspension of the writ was indeed unconstitutional. jurist Kennedy who ruled with the majority supported his stand with examples from the history of the writ back in the 12th century and its recent applicability in territories outside the border of US but slake falling in its control, such as Chanel Islands.His summary also compared the legality of this writ in Scotland, which is a sovereign nation and yet still under English laws. Once US jurisdiction was proved, Justice Scoter, Ginsburg and Bryer pointed out that it would have to be one that was based on the constitution or no jurisdiction at all. Justice Scalia argued that the habeas corpus law was in fact protected by the Detainee intervention Act, and refuted the entire judicial intervention. He was supported by Chief Justice Robert s and Justices Alito and Thomas. The Justices did a fine occupation of evaluating the suspension of the writ.From establishing jurisdiction and what kind of jurisdiction, to an alternate mechanism to protect the habeas corpus in spirit, all avenues were good investigated. The courts also recognized the extremely difficult nature of assessing an individual in a warzone to be a combatant or a civilian in a foreign location. And yet, the writ cannot be suspended out of fear of failure in acquiring adequate proof against the detainee. Personally, I feel potently that the writ of habeas corpus is a right so basic that it cannot be suspended in any scenario. The very least an accuser can do is to offer a fair trial to the accused.I feel that the President was wrong to remove the last ray of hope of an innocent civilian that might have been unfairly detained. The case also established the judicial soundness of our nation even at times of war, and the entire exercise in judiciary coming i n between the functioning of Congress was an example to the world. Denying such a basic right makes us no different than the terrorists who accuse and punish others that loosely fit their own enemy description. Living as a part of a civilized nation for over 200 years, we owe it to ourselves to act in a dignified manner, even with our captives.

Discourse on Modernization Essay Example for Free

Discourse on modernisation EssayThe discourse on Modernization was resisted by the Communists led by the USSR through a polity of isolation and xenophobia. The improvement of quality of life Modernization would bring was a threat to their hold on nations. Hence it was against the best interest of Communist governments that their holdings obtain genuine modernization. One major example was the contract Curtain. Movement of people, goods and information was severely restricted along the east-west Germany border especially during the 50s and 60s.Starting with their refusal to accept marshal plan aid after World War II, the nations falling under the Iron Curtain refused to look at dealings with the west. By breaking contact with the West, they were able to limit the common peoples intelligence the people did not have a basis for comparison to realize how oppressive their lives really were. other example was the foundation or take over of various communist movements all over th e World. Many of these organizations stock financial and logistical support from the COMINTERN or the KGB.These organizations promoted the Communist ideal often with a nationalist or self-determinist bias. They tried to disparage Western Aid as a form of Imperialism to limit modernization it their single countries. Shortcoming of the modernization theory Dichotomy of the traditional and modern 5. Cultural Imperialism The Third World in the 1960s Stagnation of the economic development political instability Dependency Theory Emerged in Latin America in the late 1960s Grounded in the neo-Marxist political-economy approachTNCs in the North exercise control, with the support of their respective governments, Over the developing countries by setting the terms of global trade ? developing nations detain peripheral Cultural Imperialism The cultural aspects of dependency theory Ex Herbert Schiller (1969) Mass Communications and American conglomerate US-based TNCs undermine cultural autonom y of the South US communications technology and investment, coupled with the new collect for media products, nessitate large-scale imports of US media products Consumerism is emphasized at the expense of community values